Causes

• There are multiple causes of an infected Achilles tendon. The Achilles tendon may become infected directly through a puncturing or tearing of the surrounding skin. Bacteria or foreign agents like dirt can then amass underneath the skin, resulting in infection. The Achilles tendon can also become infected indirectly by means of an infection located elsewhere in the body.
  
  According to Patient UK, tendon infections have stemmed from sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonorrhea.
  
  

Complications

• Infection within the Achilles tendon can irritate the tissue, resulting in complications such as tendonitis and tenosynovitis. Both complications cause painful inflammation. Tendonitis causes inflammation of the tendon itself, while tenosynovitis results in inflammation of the sheath surrounding the tendon, known as the synovium.
  
  

Symptoms

• Pain and inflammation are two of the most common symptoms of Achilles tendon infection. The skin surrounding the tendon may become red and painful to the touch. The foot may become immobile or difficult to move.
  
  

Prevention/Solution

• Shoes or other type of footgear should be worn during activity to protect the Achilles tendon. Shoes should fit properly to avoid placing unnecessary strain on the Achilles tendon. Any cuts or skin breaks should be cleaned promptly to avoid infection. Stretching before exercising will strengthen the Achilles tendon and decrease the chance of irritation or injury.
  
  

Treatment

• Antibiotics may be prescribed by a doctor if the infection is caused by bacteria. In extreme cases, surgery may be required to remove an infected portion of the Achilles tendon. Other forms of treatment can be used to alleviate symptoms of an infected Achilles tendon.
  
  Ice and cold packs can be wrapped in a towel and applied directly to the affected area to relieve pain and swelling. The foot should be compressed and elevated when sitting or lying down. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs such as Ibuprofen, can be taken to reduce inflammation.
  
  

Warning

• Excess force or pressure should never be applied to the Achilles tendon if it is infected or inflamed. Trauma may cause it to fray and heal slower.