Oxcarbazepine is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy. It is also used to treat anxiety and mood disorders, and benign motor tics. Oxcarbazepine is marketed as Trileptal by Novartis and available in some countries as a generic drug.

Oxcarbazepine(CAS NO:28721-07-5) are indicated for use as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures in adults and as monotherapy in the treatment of partial seizures in children aged 4 years and above with epilepsy, and as adjunctive therapy in children aged 2 years and above with partial seizures.

First synthesized in 1965, it was patent-protected by Geigy in 1969 through DE 2011087. It was approved for use as an anticonvulsant in Denmark in 1990, Spain in 1993, Portugal in 1997, and eventually for all other EU countries in 1999. It was approved in the US in 2000. In September 2010, Novartis pled guilty to marketing Trileptal for the unapproved uses of neuropathic pain and bipolar disorder during 2000 and 2001.

Take this medication by mouth, usually twice daily. This drug may be taken with or without food.The dosage is based on your medical condition (including pregnancy) and response to therapy.It is important to take all doses on time to keep the level of medication in your blood constant. Take doses at evenly spaced intervals. Do not skip doses. Do not suddenly stop taking this drug without your doctor's approval since seizures may reoccur.

Treatment with Oxcarbazepine should be initiated with a dose of 600 mg/day, given in a twice-a-day regimen. If clinically indicated, the dose may be increased by a maximum of 600 mg/day at approximately weekly intervals; the recommended daily dose is 1200 mg/day. Daily doses above 1200 mg/day show somewhat greater effectiveness in controlled trials, but most patients were not able to tolerate the 2400 mg/day dose, primarily because of CNS effects. It is recommended that the patient be observed closely and plasma levels of the concomitant AEDs be monitored during the period of Oxcarbazepine titration, as these plasma levels may be altered, especially at Oxcarbazepine doses greater than 1200 mg/day.

Oxcarbazepine can cause dizziness, drowsiness, blurred or double vision, fatigue, and may cause headaches, nausea and vomiting. There is also evidence of difficulty in concentration and mental sluggishness. Oxcarbazepine can also cause hyponatremia (2.7% of patients), so blood sodium levels should be tested if the patient complains of severe fatigue. Some of these side effects (such as headache) are more pronounced shortly after a dose is taken and tend to fade with the passage of time (generally 60 to 90 minutes).

A craving for salty foods (such as potato chips) and increased impulsiveness have also been noted. Other side effects include stomach pain, tremor, rash, diarrhea, constipation, decreased appetite and dry mouth. Skin sensitivity to sunlight also may increase, and patients could experience severe sunburns as a result of sun exposure. The frequency of adverse effects rises above a daily dosage of 1200 mg. Some patients reported a sensation of incontinence without cause after taking Oxcarbazepine [http://www.guidechem.com/cas-287/28721-07-5.html].

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